Course Calendar (Please note that this is not the final syllabus. A finalized schedule of readings, assignments and office hours will be distributed to students at the beginning of the semester).
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January 19
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Class 1
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Course Introduction
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January 21
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Class 2
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Methods and Sources: What is Peace Studies? Where did it come from?
Read Ramsbotham ch. 2, “Conflict Resolution: Origins, Foundations and Development of the Field”
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Part I: What is War? What is Peace?
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January 26
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Class 3
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Defining Peace I: War (and its absence) according to Realism, Liberalism and the Constructivists
Read John Mearsheimer, (1994) “The False Promise of International Institutions” International Security 19(3) http://mearsheimer.uchicago.edu/pdfs/A0021.pdf
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January 28
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Class 4
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Defining Peace II: Positive Peace vs. Negative Peace
Read Paulo Freire The Pedagogy of the Oppressed & Martin Luther King Jr. Letter from a Birmingham Jail (Barash ch. 4)
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February 2
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Class 5
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Defining Peace III: Numbers & Typologies
Read Ramsbotham ch. 3: “The Statistics of Deadly Quarrels and the Measurement of Peace”
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Part II: Why Do Wars Begin?
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February 4
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Class 6
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On institutions, imbalances and failed states
Reading Reflection 1 due
Read Jack Levy, “International Sources of Interstate and Intrastate Violence” (2007) http://fas-polisci.rutgers.edu/levy/2007%20USIP%20review%20essay.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
& Robert Rotberg, “When States Fail: Causes and Consequences,” (2003) http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s7666.pdf
Recommended:
James Fearon and David Laitin, “Ethnicity, Insurgency and Civil War” American Political Science Review (97) 1. 2003: http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/21459/fearlait.pdf
Michael Mazarr, “The Rise and Fall of the Failed State Paradigm,” Foreign Affairs (2014)
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/140347/michael-j-mazarr/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-failed-state-paradigm
Case Study: SOMALIA
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February 9
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Class 7
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Greed v. Need v. Creed
Read Collier et al. “Beyond Greed and Grievance,” http://economics.ouls.ox.ac.uk/13630/1/uuidcb923804-9624-4346-977b-00cd2c1db83e-ATTACHMENT01.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Recommended: William I. Zartman, “Ethnic Politics: Mediating Conflicts of Need, Greed and Creed,” http://archives.cerium.ca/IMG/pdf/Zartman_Mediating_Conflicts_of_Need_Greed_and_Creed-2.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Case Study: CHECHNYA
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February 11
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Class 8
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Just War Theory & Conflict Prevention
Read Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars, (1977) excerpts from ch.s 4, 5 & 6: http://philosophyfaculty.ucsd.edu/faculty/rarneson/Courses/Walzerchapter4.pdf
Ramsbotham, ch. 5, “Preventing Violent Conflict”
Case Study: RWANDA 1994
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Part III: Why do Wars Last?
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February 16
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Class 9
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Inter-state Wars
Reading Reflection 2 due
Read Sarkees et al, “Inter-state, Intra-State and Extra-State Wars” http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/71639/1468-2478.4701003.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Case Study: CYPRUS
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February 18
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Class 10
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Ethnic Wars
Read Fearon (2004) “Why do some Civil Wars last so much longer than others?” Journal of Peace Research http://www.uky.edu/~clthyn2/PS439G/readings/fearon_2004.pdf
The Economist, “How to stop fighting, Sometimes,” http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21589431-bringing-end-conflicts-within-states-vexatious-history-provides-guide
Recommended: Wimmer, Cederman and Min (2009), “Ethnic Politics and Armed Conflict,” American Sociological Review http://www.jstor.org/stable/27736063?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
William Easterly, “Can Institutions Solve Ethnic Conflicts” (2001) Economic Development and Cultural Change http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1086/452521.pdf?acceptTC=true
Case Study: NIGERIA
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February 23
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Class 11
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Religious Wars
Read Monica Toft, “Religion, Civil War and International Order” (2006) http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/toft_2006_03_updated_web.pdf
Case Study: IRAQ
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February 25
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Class 12
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On the dilemmas of International Peacekeeping
Read Ramsbotham ch. 6, “Containing Violent Conflict: Peacekeeping”
Recommended: J. Page Fortna, “Does Peacekeeping Keep Peace?” International Intervention and the Duration of Peace after Civil War,” International Studies Quarterly (2004)
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3693574?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Case Study: BOSNIA
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March 2
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Class 13
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Midterm Exam
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Part IV: How do Wars End? Are There Strategies to Manage Conflict?
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March 4
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Class 14
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Victory, Force, and Humanitarian Military Interventions
Read O’Hanlon and Singer, “The Humanitarian Transformation: Expanding Global Intervention Capacity,” http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/articles/2004/3/spring%20humanrights%20ohanlon/20040304.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Recommended: Roy Licklider, “The Consequences of Negotiated Settlements in Civil Wars,” American Political Science Review (1995) http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082982?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Alan Kuperman, “Rwanda in Retrospect,” (2000) Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/55636/alan-j-kuperman/rwanda-in-retrospect
Joshua Goldstein, Winning the War on War (2011) ch. 1
http://www.winningthewaronwar.com/winch1.pdf & “Humanitarian Intervention Comes of Age,” Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/136502/jon-western-and-joshua-s-goldstein/humanitarian-intervention-comes-of-age
Case Study: KOSOVO
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March 9
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Class 15
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International Institutions and PeaceEnforcing
Read Mingst and Karns, “The United Nations and Conflict Management,” in Crocker et al. Leashing the Dogs of War ch.s 21
James Quinlivan, “Force Requirements in Stability Operations,” Parameters (1995)
http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/1995/quinliv.htm
Recommended: Ramsbotham ch. 7 “Ending Violent Conflict” pp-s 177-188
Michael Ignatieff, “With Syria Diplomacy Needs Force,” New York Times, Feb. 25th, 2014 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/26/opinion/with-syria-diplomacy-needs-force.html
Case Study: CONGO
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March 11
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Class 16
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Diplomacy and Sanctions
Read Chantal de Jonge Oudraat, “Economic Sanctions and International Peace and Security,” (Crocker et al. Chapter 19) http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/articles/oudraatsanctions07isa.w.cover.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Case Study: IRAN
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March 16
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Class 17
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Negotiations and other forms of Mediation
Read Richard Jackson, “Internal War, International Mediation, and Non-Official Diplomacy,” Journal of Conflict Studies (2005) http://journals.hil.unb.ca/index.php/jcs/article/view/194/338
William Zartman, “The Timing of Peace Initiatives: Hurting Stalemates and Ripe Moments,” The Global Review of Ethnopolitics (2001) http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/TimingofPeaceInitiatives_Zartman2001.pdf
Case Study: MOZAMBIQUE
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March 18
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Class 18
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Soft Power
Read Joseph Nye, “Public Diplomacy and Soft Power” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2008
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25097996?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents [Leashing the Dogs]
&
“Redefining the National Interest,” Foreign Affairs 1999
http://www.jstor.org/stable/20049361?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Case Study: OSLO ACCORDS (ISRAEL-PALESTINE)
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March 23
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Class 19
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Traditions of non-Violence and Just Peace
Read Stephan and Chenoweth, “Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict,” International Security (2008)
http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/IS3301_pp007-044_Stephan_Chenoweth.pdf
Thoreau “Civil Disobedience,” & Tolstoy, “Letter to Ernest Howard Crosby,” (Barash, Ch.s 5.1 & 5.2)
Recommended, Pruitt, (2010) “Creating a Musical Dialogue for Peace,” The International Journal of Peace Studies
http://www.gmu.edu/programs/icar/ijps/vol16_1/4%20Pruitt%20IJPS%20Spring%202011%20cfs%2020111007-1.pdf
Ramsbotham ch. 16 “Conflict Resolution in Art and Popular Culture”
Case Study: MYANMAR
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March 25
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Class 20
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Exhaustion and low-level violence
Read: Amnesty International “Lebanon/Israel: Out of all proportion, Civilians bear the brunt of Civil War” ch.s 1 & 4-6 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/21_11_06_amnesty.pdf
Patrick Cockburn, “Will Exhaustion end the Syrian Civil War,” (2014) Counterpunch http://www.counterpunch.org/2014/06/09/will-exhaustion-end-the-syrian-civil-war/
Case Study: DARFUR
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Part V: How do you (re)Create Peace?
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March 30
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Class 21
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Post-conflict Reconstruction
Reading Reflection 3 due
Read Ramsbotham chapter 8, “Postwar Reconstruction”
Recommended: Arutosh Varshney, “Ethnic Conflict and Civil Society: India and Beyond,” World Politics (2001) http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v053/53.3varshney.html
Case Study: NORTHERN IRELAND
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April 1
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Class 22
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War Tribunals
Read Jeremy Sarkin (2001), “The Tension between Justice and Reconciliation in Rwanda: Politics, Human Rights, Due Process and the Role of the Gacaca Courts in Dealing with the Genocide” Journal of African Law http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/3558953.pdf
Case Study: SIERRA LEONE
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April 13
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Class 23
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Democracy and the Rule of Law
Read Marina Ottaway, “Is Democracy the Answer?” (Crocker et al. ch.s 32) http://www.boell.de/sites/default/files/assets/boell.de/images/download_de/demokratie/Is_democracy_the_answer_Ottaway_en.pdf [Leashing the Dogs]
Case Study: CHILE
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April 15
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Class 24
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Reconciliation and Truth Commissions
Read Desmond Tutu, “No Future without Forgiveness,” (Barash ch. 6)
James Gibson, (2006) “The Contributions of Truth to Reconciliation: Lessons from South Africa,” Journal of Conflict Resolution http://www.arts.yorku.ca/politics/ncanefe/courses/pols4255/pdf/Week%209%20Gibson.pdf
Recommended: Portraits of Reconciliation New York Times Magazine http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/04/06/magazine/06-pieter-hugo-rwanda-portraits.html?smid=fb-nytimes&WT.z_sma=MG_POR_20140404&bicmp=AD&bicmlukp=WT.mc_id&bicmst=1388552400000&bicmet=1420088400000&_r=4
Case Study: SOUTH AFRICA
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April 20
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Class 25
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Comprehensive Peacebuilding
Read Hampson and Mendeloff, “Intervention and the Nation-Building Debate,” & Richard Falk, “Humane Governance” (Barash ch. 6)
Case Study: AFGHANISTAN
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April 22
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Class 26
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How to end all wars & other strategies for reforming the international system
Read Douglas P. Fry “Life without War” & David Barash, “World Governmentt?” (Barash ch. 2)
Case Study: CAMBODIA
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April 27
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Class 27
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What would Gandhi have to say about that?
Read M.K. Gandhi, “The Gospel of Non-violence” http://www.mkgandhi.org/nonviolence/phil1.htm
& “Ahimsa, or the Way of Nonviolence,” in Barash Ch. 5
Case Study: ARGENTINA
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April 29
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Class 28
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Conclusions: On the future of global peace and what you can do about it
Ramsbotham ch. 20 “Conflict Resolution and the Future,”
Reading Reflection 4 due
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Final Exam
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