JOHN CABOT UNIVERSITY COURSE CODE: "AH 199" COURSE NAME: "Roma Aeterna: The Eternal City through the Ages" SEMESTER & YEAR: Spring 2014

SYLLABUS INSTRUCTOR: Erick Wilberding EMAIL: [email protected] HOURS: MW 7:30 PM 8:45 PM TOTAL NO. OF CONTACT HOURS: 45 CREDITS: 3 PREREQUISITES: OFFICE HOURS:

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course has the following objectives: A basic knowledge and understanding of the history of Rome. A basic knowledge and understanding of the development of painting, sculpture, and architecture in Rome from the Augustan Period to the Present. We view the panorama of art and architecture in Rome. Development of the analysis of art and architecture. Students learn to articulate the formal properties of art and architecture and can easily place a work, on these characteristics, within a specific historical period.

SUMMARY OF COURSE CONTENT: Rome is arguably the most fascinating city in the world, filled with art and architecture that has profoundly influenced the course of history. Over the last 20 centuries Rome has held a unique and deeply important position in the culture of the West. This class will survey the history, art, and architecture of Rome and how the city's character and appearance alter over the centuries. We pass from Imperial Rome to Papal Rome to the Capital of the Kingdom of Italy and finally to the Republic. We examine ancient masterpieces like the Ara Pacis, the Arch of Constantine, the early Christian basilicas, mosaics from the time of Charlemagne, the paintings of Raphael and Michelangelo, the sculpture of Bernini, the city planning of Valadier, the radical innovations for the new capital as well as the later alterations during the Fascist period. We will finally consider the projects of contemporary architects such as Renzo Piano, Zaha Hadid, Massimiliano Fuksas, and Richard Meier. Students will learn how to speak about works of art and architecture so that on the basis of style and content they can explain clearly why a work belongs to a particular period. They will compare the characteristics of the visual arts within a particular historical period with ideas, issues, or themes in the humanities or sciences. Knowledge about the works of art will gained, but students are expected to express understanding and apply this knowledge in a critical manner. Higher level thinking is expected from all. There is more significant and influential art and architecture in Rome than we have time to speak about. But this course will be a beginning. For a brief stay in Rome this is an ideal course for learning the city.

LEARNING OUTCOMES: Students will have an understanding of the development of art and architecture in Rome from the Augustan Period to the present. They will recognize basic works and learn basic facts concerning their cultural and political contexts.   Students will learn the questions that art historians pose of the visual culture of the past. They will learn more about the difficulties of interpretation as well as the basic subject matter and iconography, the purpose and function of the work of art, and issues touching on patronage.   Students will develop their skills of visual analysis and learn how to place a work of art within its historical period by its formal characteristics.   Students will develop an awareness of the different attitudes towards the artist and the artwork in different cultures of the world.Students will understand better the unique resources of the city of Rome.   Students will learn how to speak and write about visual culture. In particular students will deepen their understanding of historical writing that largely is directed to questions of cause and effect as well as significance. They will understand better the basic structure of historical writing (point, explanation, justification).

TEXTBOOK: Book Title Author Publisher ISBN number Library Call Number Comments Format Local Bookstore Online Purchase Rome: Biography of a City Charles Hibbert Penguin ISBN-13: 978-0140070781

REQUIRED RESERVED READING: Book Title Author Publisher ISBN number Library Call Number Comments Rome (Oxford Archaeological Guides) Amanda Claridge, et al Oxford University Press ISBN-13: 978-0199546831     Rome: Profile of a City Richard Krautheimer Princeton University Press ISBN-13: 978-0691049618     RECOMMENDED RESERVED READING: NONE

GRADING POLICY -ASSESSMENT METHODS: Assignment Guidelines Weight Participation and quizzes Preparation and participation in class 20% Journal A journal for the visual analysis of works in city (15 works obligatory). Students will keep a journal in which they record their observations, impressions, and reflections while visiting the churches, museums, and monuments of Rome. Guidelines and a list of sites within the compass of the course will be provided. Whether individually or in small groups, students are encouraged strongly to visit as many of these sites as possible. 20% Paper A five page paper on a work of art or architecture in the city 20% Midterm The midterm will consist of slide identifications and two essay questions. 20% Final examination   20% -ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: AWork of this quality directly addresses the question or problem raised and provides a coherent argument displaying an extensive knowledge of relevant information or content. This type of work demonstrates the ability to critically evaluate concepts and theory and has an element of novelty and originality. There is clear evidence of a significant amount of reading beyond that required for the course BThis is highly competent level of performance and directly addresses the question or problem raised.There is a demonstration of some ability to critically evaluatetheory and concepts and relate them to practice. Discussions reflect the student’s own arguments and are not simply a repetition of standard lecture andreference material. The work does not suffer from any major errors or omissions and provides evidence of reading beyond the required assignments. CThis is an acceptable level of performance and provides answers that are clear but limited, reflecting the information offered in the lectures and reference readings. DThis level of performances demonstrates that the student lacks a coherent grasp of the material.Important information is omitted and irrelevant points included.In effect, the student has barely done enough to persuade the instructor that s/he should not fail. FThis work fails to show any knowledge or understanding of the issues raised in the question. Most of the material in the answer is irrelevant. -ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS: Attendance is mandatory. Discussions depend upon each student’s presence and preparedness. All absences must be documented and approved. Two (2) unapproved absences will result in an automatic deduction of one step in the final course letter grade (e.g. “A–” reduced to a “B+”). Three (3) unapproved absences will result in an automatic deduction of two steps in the final course letter grade (e.g. “A” reduced to a “B+”). Four (4) or more unapproved absences will be considered sufficient grounds for expulsion from the course with a final letter grade of “F”. All documentation regarding absences must be maintained by the student and presented at the end of the semester to the Professor for consideration and approval as ‘excused’. As stated in the official catalogue, absence from a class meeting in which a final examination, mid-term, or other major examination has been scheduled will be officially excused only if the student: Notifies the Office of the Dean of his/her inability to attend before the beginning of the class meeting for which the examination is scheduled; Subsequently presents to the Dean documented evidence of a serious difficulty preventing attendance.

ACADEMIC HONESTY As stated in the university catalog, any student who commits an act of academic dishonesty will receive a failing grade on the work in which the dishonesty occurred. In addition, acts of academic dishonesty, irrespective of the weight of the assignment, may result in the student receiving a failing grade in the course. Instances of academic dishonesty will be reported to the Dean of Academic Affairs. A student who is reported twice for academic dishonesty is subject to summary dismissal from the University. In such a case, the Academic Council will then make a recommendation to the President, who will make the final decision.

STUDENTS WITH LEARNING OR OTHER DISABILITIES John Cabot University does not discriminate on the basis of disability or handicap. Students with approved accommodations must inform their professors at the beginning of the term. Please see the website for the complete policy.

SCHEDULE

Session Session Focus Reading Assignment Other Assignment Meeting Place/Exam Dates January 13 Introduction & Analysis of Art. Beginnings of Rome.   MONUMENTS: Iron Age Village of Romulus, Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Capitolinus   January 15 Republican Rome Hibbert, 3-23 Excerpt: Plutarch, Life of Marcellus (21): Triumph of Marcellus following capture of Syracuse MONUMENTS: The Servian Wall, Temple of Vesta or Hercules Victor?, Temple of Portunus, Tabularium, Pons Fabricius, Theater of Pompey   January 20 Brick into Marble: The Rome of Augustus Required: Hibbert, pp.24-38; Vergil, The Shield of Achilles. SUGGESTED: Rehak, P. “Aeneas or Numa? Rethinking the Meaning of the Ara Pacis Augustae,” Art Bulletin 83 (2001), 190-208 MONUMENTS: Julius Caesar, Forum of Julius Caesar, Cleopatra, Augustus of Prima Porta, Forum of Augustus, Mausoleum of Augustus, Ara Pacis, Theater of Marcellus   January 22 Nero's Rome / Peter and Paul / Flavian Rome Hibbert, 38-52; Tacitus on the Great Fire (in-class) MONUMENTS: Claudius, Porta Maggiore, Nero, Domus Aurea, Vespasian, Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum), Arch of Titus   January 27 High Imperial Rome: Trajan, Optimus Princeps Hibbert, 44-63. SUGGESTED: Boatwright, Gargola, & Talbot, 367-373. MONUMENTS: Baths of Trajan, Forum of Trajan, Column of Trajan, Markets of Trajan   January 29 High Imperial Rome Excerpt from Cassius Dio, Roman History 69.4 (Death of Apollodorus of Damascus) SUGGESTED: Boatwright, Gargola, & Talbot, 373-379. MONUMENTS: Temple of Rome and Venus, Pantheon, Mausoleum of Hadrian, Base of Column of Antoninus Pius, Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, Commodus as Hercules, Arch of Septimius Severus   February 3 3rd Century Rome: Soldier Emperors and Persecutions SUGGESTED: Christopher J. Haas, “Imperial Religious Policy and Valerian’s Persecution of the Church, A.D. 257-260,” Church History 52/2 (1983), 133-144. MONUMENTS: Caracalla, Baths of Caracalla, Philip the Arab, Trajan Decius, Christ / Sol Invictus mosaic, Aurelian Wall,   February 5 Christian Art before Constantine Excerpts from Passion of Perpetua and Felicity (martyrs) Excerpt of sermon of Leo I (Sermon 85 on Saint Lawrence) MONUMENTS: The Good Shepherd fresco Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Sarcophagus with philosopher, Baths of Diocletian   February 10 Constantine and Rome Hibbert, 64-71. SUGGESTED: P. Peirce, 'The Arch of Constantine: Propaganda and Ideology in Late Roman Art', Art History 12 (1989), 387–418. MONUMENTS: Roman Senate House, Basilica of Maxentius, Arch of Constantine, Old Saint Peter's, Saint John Lateran, Santa Costanza, Sarcophagus of Costanza   February 12 A Pagan or a Christian Rome? Excerpt: The plea by Symmachus for the Altar of Victory (382 CE) REQUIRED: Margaret R. Miles, "Santa Maria Maggiore's Fifth-Century Mosaics: Triumphal Christianity and the Jews," The Harvard Theological Review 86/2 (April 1993), 155-175. MONUMENTS: Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, Christ enthroned, Abraham and Melchisedek Mosaic (S. Maria Maggiore), Saint Paul outside the Walls, Lateran Baptistery   February 17 Rome in the Early Middle Ages Hibbert, 72-96 Excerpts from Pope Leo I (r. 440-461) and Pope Gregory the Great (r. 590-604) MONUMENTS: Santa Sabina, Apse Mosaic Saints Cosmas and Damian, Maria Regina, Virgin of Clemency (Rome. Sta. Maria in Trastevere), San Stefano Rotondo, Ponte Nomentano   February 19 Carolingian Rome Excerpts from Einhard's Life of Charlemagne MONUMENTS: Triclinium Mosaic of Leo III, Mosaics of Santa Prassede, Apse Mosaic of Santa Maria in Domnica, "Chair of Saint Peter," Apse Mosaic of San Marco   February 24 Rome in the Middle Ages SUGGESTED reading: Hetherington, 1970 on mosaics by Cavallini in Santa Maria in Trastevere MONUMENTS: Apse Mosaic San Clemente, Santa Maria in Trastevere, Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Apse Mosaic Santa Maria Maggiore, Giotto, Arnolfo di Cambio, Medieval Houses in Rome   February 26 MIDTERM MIDTERM MIDTERM   March 3 Rome in the Early Renaissance Hibbert, 113-124. SUGGESTED: Gail L. Geiger, "Filippino Lippi's Carafa "Annunciation": Theology, Artistic Conventions, and Patronage," The Art Bulletin 63 (1981), 62-75 MONUMENTS: Masolino, Chapel of Saint Catherine; Fra Angelico, Chapel of Nicholas V, Filippino Lippi, Carafa Chapel   March 5 Rome of Sixtus IV Hibbert, 125-138 MONUMENTS: Sistine Chapel (building and decoration of 1481-1483); Hospital; Ponte Sisto   March 10 Rome in the High Renaissance Hibbert 139-152 Excerpts from Macchiavelli, The Prince (regarding Cesare Borgia) (handout) MONUMENTS: Works for Alexander VI Borgia; New St. Peter's Basilica; Raphael Stanze; Leonardo's work in Rome   March 12 Michelangelo in Rome Primary sources (translated) on Roman commissions (handout) MONUMENTS: Pietà; Sistine Ceiling; Monument for Julius II; Resurrected Christ; Last Judgment; Capitoline Palaces; Porta Pia; Dome of St. Peter's   WEEK OF MARCH 17 SPRING BREAK SPRING BREAK SPRING BREAK   March 24 The Sack of Rome; Rome in the later 16th Century Hibbert, 153-178 Excerpts from the Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini MONUMENTS: Works of Salviati, Cellini, Vasari, late Roman Mannerists, Villa Giulia   March 26 Rome in the Baroque: Caravaggio Hibbert, 179-199 Selected documents on Caravaggio in Rome (police records, etc) MONUMENTS: Sick Bacchus; The Cardsharps; Gypsy Fortuneteller; Contarelli Chapel, Cerasi Chapel, Madonna del Loreto, Entombment of Christ   March 31 Rome in the Baroque: Bernini Excerpt from the Autobiography of Teresa of Avila MONUMENTS: Apollo & Daphne, Pluto & Persephone, Baldacchino, Triton Fountain, 4 River Fountain, Cornaro Chapel, Chair of St. Peter, Colonnade of St. Peter's Basilica, Blessed Ludovica Albertoni   April 2 Rome in the 18th Century Hibbert, 200-226. SUGGESTED: Hereward Lester Cooke Jr., "The Documents Relating to the Fountain of Trevi" The Art Bulletin 38 (1956), 149-173. J.J. Winckelmann, Thoughts on the Imitation of Greek Art in Painting and Sculpture," (photocopy to be distributed). MONUMENTS: Trevi Fountain, Facade of St. John Lateran, Facade of S. Maria Maggiore, Works of Mengs and Canova   April 4 (Friday). Makeup for April 21 Rome in the 19th Century Hibbert, 227-285 MONUMENTS: Works of Valadier, Works for Pius IX   April 7 Rome in the 19th Century: Capital of a New Kingdom   Public monuments for patriots (Garibaldi, Cavour, Victor Emanuel), new ministries, streets, squares, churches for non-Catholics. Monuments to Giordano Bruno, Cola di Rienzo. Piazza dei Cinquecento   April 9 Rome in the 20th Century: Fascism 1 Hibbert, 286-303. SUGGESTED: David Atkinson and Denis Cosgrove, "Urban Rhetoric and Embodied Identities: City, Nation, and Empire at the Vittorio Emanuele II Monument in Rome, 1870-1945". Annals of the Association of American Geographers 88 (1998), 28–49 MONUMENTS: Altare della Patria, Forum Mussolini, Selected Futurist works, Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana, Sapienza University. LIBERTY (not Fascist) MONUMENTS: Quartiere Coppedè   April 14 Rome in the 20th Century: Fascism 2   MONUMENTS: Piazza Augusto Imperatore   April16 Rome after the War: Expansion   MONUMENTS: Works for the Summer Olympics of 1960   April 23 Rome in the later 20th and early 21st Centuries   MONUMENTS: Works of Renzo Piano, Richard Meier, Massimiliano Fuksas, Zaha Hadib JOURNAL AND PAPER DUE April 26 - 2 May FINAL EXAM DATE TO BE ANNOUNCED